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This 23nd volume in the series contains 15 invited reviews presented during the conference AG2010: «Zooming in, the cosmos at high resolution»

Divided into two parts, the first four chapters of Comets and their Origin refer to comets and their formation in general, describing cometary missions, comet remote observations, astrochemistry, artificial comets, and the chirality phenomenon. The second part covers the cometary ROSETTA mission, its launch, journey, scientific objectives, and instrumentations, as well as the landing scenario on a cometary nucleus. Along the way, the author presents general questions concerning the origin of terrestrial water and the molecular beginnings of life on Earth, as well as how the instruments used on a space mission like ROSETTA can help answer them. The text concludes with a chapter on what scientists expect from the ROSETTA mission and how its data will influence our life on Earth. As a result, the author elucidates highly topical and fascinating knowledge to scientists and students of various scientific backgrounds, allowing them to work with ROSETTA's data.

For readers from both academia and industry wishing to pursue their studies and /or careers in planetary robotics, this book represents a one-stop tour of the history, evolution, key systems, and technologies of this emerging field. The book provides a comprehensive introduction to the key techniques and technologies that help to achieve autonomous space systems for cost-effective, high performing planetary robotic missions. Main topics covered include robotic vision, surface navigation, manipulation, mission operations and autonomy, being explained in both theoretical principles and practical use cases. The book recognizes the importance of system design hence discusses practices and tools that help take mission concepts to baseline design solutions, making it a practical piece of scientific reference suited to a variety of practitioners in planetary robotics.

Written by a carefully selected consortium of researchers working in the field, this book fills the gap for an up-to-date summary of the observational and theoretical status. As such, this monograph includes all used wavelengths, from radio to gamma, the FERMI telescope, a history and theory refresher, and jets from gamma ray bursts. For astronomers, nuclear physicists, and plasmaphysicists.

This authoritative book presents the theoretical development of gravitational physics as it applies to the dynamics of celestial bodies and the analysis of precise astronomical observations. In so doing, it fills the need for a textbook that teaches modern dynamical astronomy with a strong emphasis on the relativistic aspects of the subject produced by the curved geometry of four-dimensional spacetime. The first three chapters review the fundamental principles of celestial mechanics and of special and general relativity. This background material forms the basis for understanding relativistic reference frames, the celestial mechanics of N-body systems, and high-precision astrometry, navigation, and geodesy, which are then treated in the following five chapters. The final chapter provides an overview of the new field of applied relativity, based on recent recommendations from the International Astronomical Union. The book is suitable for teaching advanced undergraduate honors programs and graduate courses, while equally serving as a reference for professional research scientists working in relativity and dynamical astronomy. The authors bring their extensive theoretical and practical experience to the subject. Sergei Kopeikin is a professor at the University of Missouri, while Michael Efroimsky and George Kaplan work at the United States Naval Observatory, one of the world?s premier institutions for expertise in astrometry, celestial mechanics, and timekeeping.

This concise and systematic account of the current state of this new branch of astrophysics presents the theoretical foundations of plasma astrophysics, magneto-hydrodynamics and coronal magnetic structures, taking into account the full range of available observation techniques – from radio to gamma. The book discusses stellar loops during flare energy releases, MHD waves and oscillations, plasma instabilities and heating and charged particle acceleration. Current trends and developments in MHD seismology of solar and stellar coronal plasma systems are also covered, while recent progress is presented in the observational study of quasi-periodic pulsations in solar and stellar flares with radio, optical, X and gamma rays. In addition, the authors investigate the origin of coherent radio emission from stellar loops, paying special attention to their fine structure. For advanced students and specialists in astronomy, as well as theoretical and plasma physics.

Dieses Lehrbuch ist ein Grundkurs im besten Sinne: Beginnend mit den physikalischen und technischen Grundlagen, die fur das Verstandnis der weiteren astrophysikalischen Ausfuhrungen benotigt werden, vermittelt es solides Wissen fur die moderne Astrophysik, ist klar geschrieben, reich bebildert und auch in den mathematischen Teilen jederzeit verstandlich. Nun liegt das Buch in der 5. Aufl age vor – vollstandig aktualisiert und um das Kapitel Extrasolare Planetensysteme erweitert von Lutz Wisotzki, der bereits die letzte Aufl age mit verantwortete. Studenten der Physik und Astronomie im Grundstudium wie auch Fachleute und Amateure schatzen dieses Buch fur Schule, Studium und Freizeit.

Метрика пространства-времени, обоснованная автором, позволила объяснить природу квазаров, ярких радиоисточников, темной материи, черных дыр и вычислить спектры этих объектов и их основные геометрические и физические параметры. Впервые проанализированы процессы, происходящие за горизонтом событий. Кроме того, установлена связь ускоренного расширения Вселенной с деятельностью квазаров. Наиболее интересным является вывод о том, что в окрестности квазаров происходит наработка энергии и вещества. Этот вывод хорошо объяснен и обоснован в согласии с теоремой Нетер. Наработка вещества углубляет потенциал Вселенной, что приводит к изменению метрики. Поэтому расширение Вселенной не является движением, а является следствием изменения метрики. Достоинством работы является то, что выводы теории базируются на принятых постулатах, подтверждены известными экспериментами и не требуют введения дополнительных гипотез.

В книге доказано, что в газах и в электролитах электрический ток образован не ионами, как утверждает современная физика, а электронами, так же как в металлических проводниках и в вакууме. Поток ионов является вторичным процессом, сопутствующим движению электронов.

В книге исследована внутренняя структура магнитного поля постоянного магнита.

Винтовая (спиральная) траектория является траекторией движения микрочастиц в микромире (электронов в электромагнитных полях, электронов в кулоновских полях атомов, нуклонов в ядерных полях атомов), макротел в галактиках и галактик во Вселенной.

В книге доказано, что электромагнитное поле проводника с током образовано электронами.